1) read my response to the ticket:
An abstract model means you can inherit from it without using STI.
class SuperModel < AR::Base self.abstract_class = true end
class Foo < SuperModel end
Foo.table_name # => 'foos'
It's used in the CachedModel plugin. I'm not sure why it's a class and not a mixin though, but ok.
2) Two ideas, one is really hackish.
The hackish way:
http://rails.techno-weenie.net/tip/2005/11/19/validate_your_forms_with_a_table_less_model
The second is directly including ActiveRecord::Validations into your class. You may have to implement some of the ActiveRecord API for this though. I'm pretty sure the wiki has some info on this.