ConnectionNotEstablished when using connection on AR::Base abstract subclass

I'm using AR outside of Rails and calling establish_connection on an ActiveRecord::Base abstract_class subclass (to protect my connection in case anyone else is using AR). It was working just fine with AR 3.0.9, but I recently attempted to upgrade to AR 3.2.2. Now, when I hit a "nested" query from a has_many, I get a ActiveRecord::ConnectionNotEstablished. If I call establish_connection on ActiveRecord::Base, instead of the DB abstract subclass, everything works fine.

I've stripped out a minimal example below, which should be self- contained, as well as a snippet that highlights the problem. Is this a bug, or does my code need to change to support AR 3.2 (also fails on 3.1).

This is the offending code:

    Employer.all.each do |employer|       p employer.employees     end

Self-contained script:

    #!/bin/env ruby

    require 'sqlite3'     require 'active_record'     require 'logger'

    ActiveRecord::Base.logger = Logger.new STDOUT

    class DB < ActiveRecord::Base       self.abstract_class = true     end     class Employer < DB       has_many :employees     end     class Employee < DB     end

    # If establish_connection is instead called on AR::Base, this works fine.     DB.establish_connection(:adapter => "sqlite3",                             :database => "./db.sqlite")

    DB.connection.create_table(:employers) do |t|       t.primary_key :id     end     DB.connection.create_table(:employees) do |t|       t.primary_key :id       t.integer :employer_id     end

    Employer.create!.employees << Employee.create!

    Employer.all.each do |employer|       p employer.employees     end

Output:

    D, [2012-03-02T16:22:36.852779 #14148] DEBUG -- : (1.7ms) select sqlite_version(*)     D, [2012-03-02T16:22:36.854577 #14148] DEBUG -- : (1.3ms) CREATE TABLE "employers" ("id" INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT NOT NULL)     D, [2012-03-02T16:22:36.857462 #14148] DEBUG -- : (2.0ms) CREATE TABLE "employees" ("id" INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT NOT NULL, "employer_id" integer)     D, [2012-03-02T16:22:36.879564 #14148] DEBUG -- : (0.1ms) begin transaction     D, [2012-03-02T16:22:36.884458 #14148] DEBUG -- : SQL (3.1ms) INSERT INTO "employers" VALUES(NULL)     D, [2012-03-02T16:22:36.885693 #14148] DEBUG -- : (0.8ms) commit transaction     D, [2012-03-02T16:22:36.956479 #14148] DEBUG -- : (0.1ms) begin transaction     D, [2012-03-02T16:22:36.964279 #14148] DEBUG -- : SQL (5.8ms) INSERT INTO "employees" ("employer_id") VALUES (?) [["employer_id", nil]]     D, [2012-03-02T16:22:36.965657 #14148] DEBUG -- : (0.9ms) commit transaction     D, [2012-03-02T16:22:36.966902 #14148] DEBUG -- : (0.1ms) begin transaction     D, [2012-03-02T16:22:36.969294 #14148] DEBUG -- : (0.5ms) UPDATE "employees" SET "employer_id" = 1 WHERE "employees"."id" = 1     D, [2012-03-02T16:22:36.972066 #14148] DEBUG -- : (2.3ms) commit transaction     D, [2012-03-02T16:22:36.973350 #14148] DEBUG -- : Employer Load (0.3ms) SELECT "employers".* FROM "employers"     /Users/mlartz/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@tmp/gems/activerecord-3.2.2/ lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb: 374:in `retrieve_connection': ActiveRecord::ConnectionNotEstablished (ActiveRecord::ConnectionNotEstablished)       from /Users/mlartz/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@tmp/gems/ activerecord-3.2.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/ connection_specification.rb:168:in `retrieve_connection'       from /Users/mlartz/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@tmp/gems/ activerecord-3.2.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/ connection_specification.rb:142:in `connection'       from /Users/mlartz/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@tmp/gems/ activerecord-3.2.2/lib/active_record/associations/alias_tracker.rb: 75:in `connection'       from /Users/mlartz/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@tmp/gems/ activerecord-3.2.2/lib/active_record/associations/alias_tracker.rb: 54:in `initial_count_for'       from /Users/mlartz/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@tmp/gems/ activerecord-3.2.2/lib/active_record/associations/alias_tracker.rb: 12:in `block in initialize'       from /Users/mlartz/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@tmp/gems/ activerecord-3.2.2/lib/active_record/associations/alias_tracker.rb: 29:in `yield'       from /Users/mlartz/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@tmp/gems/ activerecord-3.2.2/lib/active_record/associations/alias_tracker.rb: 29:in `default'       from /Users/mlartz/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@tmp/gems/ activerecord-3.2.2/lib/active_record/associations/alias_tracker.rb: 29:in `aliased_name_for'       from /Users/mlartz/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@tmp/gems/ activerecord-3.2.2/lib/active_record/associations/alias_tracker.rb: 17:in `aliased_table_for'       from /Users/mlartz/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@tmp/gems/ activerecord-3.2.2/lib/active_record/associations/join_helper.rb:15:in `block in construct_tables'       from /Users/mlartz/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@tmp/gems/ activerecord-3.2.2/lib/active_record/associations/join_helper.rb:14:in `each'       from /Users/mlartz/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@tmp/gems/ activerecord-3.2.2/lib/active_record/associations/join_helper.rb:14:in `construct_tables'       from /Users/mlartz/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@tmp/gems/ activerecord-3.2.2/lib/active_record/associations/association_scope.rb: 37:in `add_constraints'       from /Users/mlartz/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@tmp/gems/ activerecord-3.2.2/lib/active_record/associations/association_scope.rb: 31:in `scope'       from /Users/mlartz/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@tmp/gems/ activerecord-3.2.2/lib/active_record/associations/association.rb:98:in `association_scope'       from /Users/mlartz/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@tmp/gems/ activerecord-3.2.2/lib/active_record/associations/association.rb:87:in `scoped'       from /Users/mlartz/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@tmp/gems/ activerecord-3.2.2/lib/active_record/associations/ collection_association.rb:380:in `find_target'       from /Users/mlartz/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@tmp/gems/ activerecord-3.2.2/lib/active_record/associations/ collection_association.rb:333:in `load_target'       from /Users/mlartz/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@tmp/gems/ activerecord-3.2.2/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb: 44:in `load_target'       from /Users/mlartz/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@tmp/gems/ activerecord-3.2.2/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb: 87:in `method_missing'       from test.rb:38:in `p'       from test.rb:38:in `block in <main>'       from test.rb:37:in `each'       from test.rb:37:in `<main>'

Any ideas?