Jose Valim implies that autoloading is threadsafe in Ruby 2.0:
The issue with this approach is that it is not thread-safe, except for latest JRuby versions (since 1.7) and Ruby master (2.0) Eager loading for greater good « Plataformatec Blog
However, the autoload bug ticket filed against Ruby (Bug #921: autoload is not thread-safe - Ruby master - Ruby Issue Tracking System) was closed and refers to a forum post wherein Matz recommends not to use autload (http://www.ruby-forum.com/topic/3036681).
Does anyone have any light to shed on this discrepancy?