Support HTTP conditional requests in ActiveStorage Disk service

This is about supporting Etag, Last-Modified and etc. headers in the ActiveStorage::DiskController#show endpoint. As far as I know, most of the ActiveStorage services support this and it would be nice if the same can be provided by the Disk service.

The idea would be to return 304 not modified if relevant headers are submitted. Most of the work already exists in the form fresh_when.