Man... I am new to ruby / rails myself ... But ... I try to RTFM .. and also... i have actually bought some books... But all the stuff you're asking in this thread is here ...
Rails AntiPatterns: Best Practice Ruby on Rails Refactoring (Addison-Wesley Professional Ruby Series) // http://www.amazon.com/Rails-AntiPatterns-Refactoring-Addison-Wesley-Professional/dp/0321604814/ref=sr_1_fkmr1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1328515732&sr=8-1-fkmr
Also, before starting books ... i have started the hardway ... wrote a piece of code ... try to make it cleaner ... and start refactoring it ... 'til i'll be satisfied with my work ...
You can't become a guru / specialist if you rely on others to fix your own problems.
I guess that you'd have received a better help if instead of asking "What will be the solution for the above issue?" you'd have at least asking for an opinion : "Guys, i had this code, I have refactored it like this... Is there something else I can improve ?"
Alecslupu